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January 6, 2010

Truck Accidents in Indiana

semisreduced2.jpgAccidents involving semi trucks can involve legal issues which are quite different from traffic accidents which involve small vehicles and private individuals.

Indianapolis in particular, nicknamed the "Crossroads of America", is a major hub for cross-country freeway traffic, with trucks heading north, south, east, west and all points of the compass on Interstates 65, 69, 70 and 74. In 2006 there were well over 1,600 injuries caused by truck crashes in Indiana, including 140 fatalities.

Injuries and the subsequent recovery periods from truck accidents involving small vehicles can also be far more serious than small vehicle accidents for a number of reasons, primarily from the fact that a loaded semi can weigh up to 40 tons. Also, such accidents often occur at a high rate of speed, trucks and semi tractor-trailers are harder to control in bad weather and they have large blind spots. Any and all of these factors can lead to serious accidents.

Indianapolis.jpgAn accident between a large truck and a passenger car is more likely to inflict serious damage such as brain and spinal cord injuries. Such injuries can be extremely costly to the victim and involve extensive recovery and rehabilitation. Currently federal insurance regulations require a far higher level of coverage for an interstate commercial vehicle than state regulations require for passenger cars.

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December 9, 2009

Indiana Supreme Court affirms rebuttable presumption for 7- to 14-year olds

Indiana wrongful death attorneys were pleased to hear of a unanimous ruling in favor of the plaintiff on November 30th in the case of Clay City Consolidated School Corp. v. Ronna Timberman and John Pipes II. With the recent ruling the Indiana State Supreme Court affirmed a lower court's ruling in favor of the family of a boy who died during basketball practice.

Kodi Pipes had recently blacked out during practice and was not cleared by the doctor to participate. Kodi later participated in a running drill in which he collapsed and died. The family filed suit against Clay City schools alleging that the school was negligent under the Indiana Child Wrongful Death statute.

The trial court's verdict found in favor of the plaintiff and awarded the Pipes family damages. The Indiana Court of Appeals later reversed the trial court's ruling in the case and ordered a new trial, ruling that the trial court had erred by instructing the jury that Indiana law recognized a rebuttable presumption of law for 7- to 14-year olds. The rebuttable presumption in this case was that a minor between the ages of 7 to 14 years old cannot legally be held accountable for negligence, though this presumption can be challenged under certain circumstances. Had the jury found the boy negligent, the affirmative defense of contributory negligence would have barred any chance for recovery. In this case it is fortunate that the Indiana Supreme Court reaffirmed that Indiana does indeed recognize a rebuttable presumption for minors of this age and reversed the appellate court's ruling.

Under Indiana law contributory negligence can serve as a complete bar to recovery in a tort claims act case. If a defendant is a medical provider or government institution (as in this case), a finding of contributory negligence on the part of the plaintiff could prevent any and all recovery of damages. However, because the Supreme Court affirmed the rebuttable presumption for a minor, Kodi was found free of negligence. The appellate court ruling was overturned and the original trial court's ruling was affirmed, allowing the Pipes family to recover damages.

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September 30, 2009

Birth control drugs Yasmin, Yaz and Ocella associated with serious side effects including death

Yasmin and YAZ are two varieties of combination type birth control pills (BCP) produced by Bayer Healthcare. Yasmin was approved for sale in the US by the FDA in 2001 while YAZ was approved in 2006. Both YAZ and Yasmin contain 3 mg of drospirenone, a progestin, which is combined with 30 mcg of ethinyl estradiol in Yasmin and 20 mcg of this estrogen in YAZ. The estrogen component of these BCPs has been in common use since the 1970s. Drospirenone is a relatively new fourth generation progestin which has been shown to have an anti mineralocorticoid effect. This effect leads to diuresis, (increased urination) while retaining potassium which can lead to elevated serum potassium levels (hyperkalemia). It is suspected that this progestin is the cause of a notable increase in certain adverse effects which include death, arrhythmias, venous and arterial blood clots, gallbladder disease, pancreatitis, liver or kidney failure, dehydration and hypertension. The serious cardiovascular side effect are markedly increased in those who smoke and with advancing age particularly beyond age 35.

yaz.jpgThe FDA sent a warning letter to Bayer in August 2008 demanding a campaign to correct misleading direct to consumer marketing which had been promoting the use of YAZ for conditions other than those for which it had obtained FDA approval. YAZ had been approved for birth control, for women who suffered from premenstrual dysphoric disorder PMDD (a markedly depressed mood, anxiety or tension affective lability and persistent anger or irritability) and for the treatment of moderate acne vulgaris in women who also desire pregnancy prevention. The advertising in question seemed to give the message that YAZ was indicated for PMS ( a much milder constellation of symptoms than PMDD) and all severities of acne rather than the specific approved indications. The FDA also sent a warning letter to correct misleading advertising to Berlex labs, the original producer of Yasmin in 2003. Bayer acquired the rights to market Yasmin in 2006. In February of 2009 Bayer settled with the FDA and the attorneys general of 27 states to mount a $20,000,000 campaign to correct the misconceptions it had created. The corrective ads ran from February through late July 0f 2009. During the period of ads labeled misleading by the FDA, YAZ sales nearly tripled from the 262 million in 2007 sales.

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August 11, 2009

The Pros and Cons of Structured Settlements

In Indiana personal injury law large personal injury jury awards and settlement amounts for cases such as brain injuries, spinal cord injuries or medical malpractice are often paid in part by means of a structured settlement. The way structured settlements work can vary, but usually, the paying party purchases an annuity from an insurance company and the injured party receives payments over a period of years. The total amount of the structured settlement is general far more than what the injured party would receive with a straight cash settlement.

This arrangement can have both advantages and disadvantages, and the person receiving the payments has to carefully consider whether or not to accept a structured settlement.
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The primary advantage and disadvantage of receiving a lump sum payment are really the same: liquidity. Someone suddenly has a whole lot of cash. Like with winning the lottery, this may or may not be a good situation depending on the level of responsibility and financial knowledge of the person who controls the money. Statistics seem to indicate that most people spend through their lump sum settlements in a far shorter time than they would have received their annuity payments.

The primary advantage of a structured settlement, besides the limitations on profligacy, is the tax-free status of the earnings involved. All PI settlements are tax free, but invest that money, earn interest, and that interest earned is taxable. The interest earned from the annuity of a properly structured settlement is not taxable; it is all considered a part of the settlement.

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July 29, 2009

Using Experts to Assess Future Damages in a Personal Injury Case

In determining damages in an Indiana personal injury case, juries can factor in possible lost future earnings and potential future expenses in determining a figure that reflects the actual known damages in a case, as well as probable future damages. Also, those future damages can also be used by negotiating attorneys to help determine an appropriate settlement amount for future pain and suffering.

Determining future damages may involve the use of many expert witnesses, including some of the ones discussed below.

Vocational Experts - These experts can help determine the future earning capacity and work ability of an injured party. They look at various factors of the future work capacity of the claimant, including physical and mental work requirements; national and local labor market trends, changes, and statistics; employment practices and expectations of past or potential employers; and vocational and job skill requirements and transferability issues.

Most of the time, a vocational expert will want to interview the client, and also review tax filings, educational background, personnel files, and other documents to help get a picture of the injured party's future income capacity.

Forensic Economists - These experts apply economic theories to the facts of a case to determine damages, both past and future. Most of them have a graduate degree in economics.

According to the National Association of Forensic Economists, topics within forensic economics include: (1) the analysis of claims involving persons, workers, firms, or markets for evidence concerning damage liability; (2) the calculation of damages in personal and commercial litigation; and, (3) the development and use of generally accepted forensic economic methodologies and principles.

Certified Life Care Planners - A Life Care Planner typically is a nurse who is specially trained and certified in evaluating the costs of the future health care of a personal injury victim. Their evaluation methods work with the basic principles that funds need to be available to address an individual's future medical needs, focusing on the prevention of complications and value-added outcomes.

According to the American Association of Nurse Life Care Planners, the practitioner of this discipline uses knowledge, judgment and skills based on the principles of biological physiological, behavioral, social and the holistic perspective of nursing science in the development of a Life Care Plan.

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